Enforcement of cross-border cargo regulations has significantly increased during the Trump administration, causing delays and financial burdens that act as a deterrent for trade, according to industry experts. As the U.S. implements tariffs along the northern border, transport professionals note a surge in freight inspections and penalties, reflecting a more protectionist stance on customs matters.
Breanna Leininger, overseeing U.S. operations at Pacific Customs Brokers in Vancouver, describes the shift as substantial. The volume of documentation required by border officials for shipped goods has risen tenfold compared to previous years. Leininger manages a clientele of 5,000 customers engaged in cross-border shipments and observes a notable rise in customs scrutiny, with more frequent in-depth reviews than in the past.
To comply with product classifications and trade agreements, importers are increasingly asked for extensive paperwork, including labor and manufacturing records, with the level of evidence and tariffed items seemingly changing regularly. Leininger emphasizes the evolving nature of the requirements, stating that the information sought by customs is constantly shifting.
Data supports the narrative of stricter enforcement measures. U.S. Customs and Border Protection statistics reveal a projected 26% increase in audits in the current year compared to 2024. These audits assess importers’ records for compliance with tariff classifications, customs valuations, and trade agreements, such as the Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement.
In the first half of this year, U.S. customs authorities collected $70.6 million US in trade penalties by late July, marking a substantial 169% surge compared to the entirety of 2024. This six-month total represents a 53% increase over the penalties imposed throughout 2025.
The heightened enforcement coincides with an escalating trade dispute between Canada and the U.S., characterized by reciprocal tariff implementations in recent weeks. Delays at the border and the increased effort required to obtain product records contribute to higher costs and, in some cases, discourage cross-border trade.
Alan Dewar, the executive vice-president of GHY, a Winnipeg-based customs brokerage, highlights the additional expenses incurred due to delays and disruptions in the supply chain. These costs include warehouse fees, spoilage risks, service charges, and potential financial losses resulting from delayed deliveries.
Leininger notes that while many businesses have managed to navigate the heightened regulatory environment, some have found the challenges overwhelming and have opted to discontinue cross-border operations. U.S. Customs and Border Protection states that it regularly reassesses its enforcement strategies based on risk assessments, trade patterns, and legal obligations.
In summary, the increased enforcement measures and trade tensions have significantly impacted cross-border commerce, leading to higher costs and operational challenges for businesses navigating the evolving regulatory landscape.